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Ruth Ruprecht: Thank you Jeff [Lifson] and good evening everybody. Jeff has given you a slide. Could you cut down to the slides please? A slide showing you the origin of many of those SIVs, but I would like to point out that there is actually one other origin and that is man-made viruses, and they are using macaque, rhesus macaque. Those man-made viruses [00:00:30] are actually not the topic of tonight's session. So, for that reason, I just highlighted for you briefly what they taught us and I conveniently highlighted it in red already.
These man-made SHIVs (simian-human immunodeficiency viruses) with HIV-1 envelopes (env) have been used for passive immunizations and for active immunizations by a number of groups, including our own. They showed the principle of [00:01:00] sterile protection with monoclonal antibodies, including prevention of viremia when you use post-exposure prophylaxis regimens. They showed us that the effector function of IgG1s (immunoglobulin subclass G1) is critical. They showed complete protection of neonates by transplacental or neonatal human IgG1 and monoclonal antibody combination, cross-clade protection. And then a relatively newer set of data [00:01:30] on the proof of principle for immune exclusion by placing monoclonal dimeric IgAs (immunoglobulin subclass A) into the mucosal lumen.
Of course, there is the work that's ongoing right now, generating SHIVs with the transmitted/founder virus HIV genes. Of course, with active immunization, the SHIVs not only have the HIV-1 envelope but also the HIV-1 tat gene. Theoretically, the use [00:02:00] of these SHIVs also allows you to directly analyze correlates of protection and evaluate vaccine candidates with these real HIV-1 genes. I'm done, and I'll—
Jeffrey Lifson: Thank you Ruth. With that, it's—
[00:02:16] [END OF AUDIO]
Ruth M. Ruprecht is a geneticist and oncologist, previously at Harvard Medical School, and currently with Texas Biomedical Research Institute and UT Health San Antonio.
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